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A normal electrocardiogram (ECG) displays a positive deflection of the P wave and represents which of the following events?

In the cardiac conduction system, acetylcholine (ACh) binds most commonly to which of the following receptors?

An increase in the plasma concentration of which of the following solutes will not cause anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) to be released from the posterior pituitary gland?

What is the effect of parathyroid hormone on bone?

Which of the following is the primary regulation method of mineralocorticoid secretion?

A 27-year-old male presents with a 3-month history of cough, night sweats and weight loss of 5 kg. He was previously fit and well. He went on holiday with his family 4 months ago to Pakistan where his grandfather also had a cough. On examination:  Febrile 37.9; all other observations stable. CXR: bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. Microbiology: on Ziehl-Neelsen staining of sputum, acid-fast bacilli seen.  He is diagnosed as having pulmonary tuberculosis. Which of the following are characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?